+98-21-44711870-73 info@phasco.com

اطلس ها

گروه بندی اطلس

تبلیغات

آخرین تفاسیر کاربران

برخی از اسلایدها

  • tjpzoom picture title
    multicystic dysplastic kidney

    This is a multicystic dysplastic kidney. This condition must be distinguished from ARPKD because it occurs only sporadically and not with a defined inheritance pattern, though it is more common than ARPKD. The cysts of multicystic renal dysplasia are larger and more variably sized than those of ARPKD. Often, multicystic renal dysplasia is unilateral. If bilateral, it is often asymmetric. If bilateral, oligohydramnios and its complications can ensue, just as with ARPKD

  • tjpzoom picture title
    white non-hemolytic colonies and small alpha-hemolytic colonies

    Case 2 contains small, white non-hemolytic colonies and small alpha-hemolytic colonies. The same large colonies from Case 1 are present in the heavy streak area. The enlarged inset area shows the different colony types in more detail

  • tjpzoom picture title
    collapse of the liver parenchyma

    is trichrome stain demonstrates the collapse of the liver parenchyma with viral hepatitis. The blue-staining areas are the connective tissue of many portal tracts that have collapsed together

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Herpes simplex virus

    Herpes simplex virus, seen here in the esophagus, infects the squamous epithelium and manifests with multinucleated cells and inclusions

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Plasma cells in bone marrow

    Size of the cell: 15 - 20 mm Shape of the cell: oval Colour of cytoplasm: deep-blue with big perinuclear halo, sometimes single vacuole is present Granularity: none Nucleus' shape: round Type of chromatin: condensed Nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio: low Nucleoli: not visible Occurrence: blood: not present marrow: < 3% Comment: The arrow indicates a single plasma cell. Besides, most of the cells belong to granulopoiesis. Staining: MGG Magnification: x 1000 1. eosinophil 2. neutrophil myelocyte 3. promyelocyte 4. neutrophil metamyelocyte 5. myeloblast 6. polychromatic normoblast

  • tjpzoom picture title
    hepatic fatty change

    This is the histologic appearance of hepatic fatty change. The lipid accumulates in the hepatocytes as vacuoles. These vacuoles have a clear appearance with H&E staining. The most common cause of fatty change in developed nations is alcoholism. In developing nations, kwashiorkor in children is another cause. Diabetes mellitus, obesity, and severe gastrointestinal malabsorption are additional causes

  • tjpzoom picture title
    PLATELETS AGGREGATES

    Comment: Platelet aggregation in the peripheral blood. Staining: Pappenheim Magnification: x 1000

  • tjpzoom picture title
    large adrenal neoplasm

    This large adrenal neoplasm has been sectioned in half. Note the grey-tan color of the tumor compared to the yellow cortex stretched around it and a small remnant of remaining adrenal at the lower right. This patient had episodic hypertension. This is a tumor arising in the adrenal medulla--a pheochromocytoma.

  • tjpzoom picture title
    T .mentagrophytes 40 x

    T .mentagrophytes

  • tjpzoom picture title
    viral hepatitis and councilman body

    Individual hepatocytes are affected by viral hepatitis. Viral hepatitis A rarely leads to signficant necrosis, but hepatitis B can result in a fulminant hepatitis with extensive necrosis. A large pink cell undergoing "ballooning degeneration" is seen below the right arrow. At a later stage, a dying hepatocyte is seen shrinking down to form an eosinophilic "councilman body" below the arrow on the left

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Bacillus subtilis

    The same Blood Agar plate examined with transmitted light. The colonies are surrounded by a zone of unspecific lysis caused by enzymatic activity. This is particularly clear in areas where the colonies lie closely together because the concentration of enzymes is high. Around small colonies that lie alone, this lysis may not be visible due to the low concentration of enzymes

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Cervical squamous cell carcinoma

    Here is another cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Note the IUD string protruding from the cervix. This implies that someone could have done a Pap smear when it was inserted. There is a natural history of progression of dysplasia to carcinoma, so don't leave dysplasias alone.

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Myeloblast

    Size of the cell: 15 - 25 mm Shape of the cell: oval, sometimes round Colour of cytoplasm: blue, without distinct perinuclear halo or with extended perinuclear halo Granularity: nongranular cytoplasm or a few thick azurophilic granules Nucleus' shape: usually oval, sometimes irregular, rarely round Type of chromatin: fine, with reticular appearance Nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio: high Nucleoli: visible, medium or large size 1 to 4; brighter than chromatin Occurrence: blood: not present marrow: < 5% Comment: Myeloblast in the blood and two band neutrophilic leucocytes. Staining: MGG Magnification: x 1000

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Hyaline casts

    Hyaline casts, which appear very pale and slightly refractile, are common findings in urine

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Enterococcus faecalis

    Pinpoint to small, smooth, entire colonies General characteristics: Gram-positive cocci in short chains. Catalase-negative, but may show a catalase-positive reaction when grown on Blood Agar. Attacks sugars fermentatively. Microaerophilic. Usually non-motile

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Dermatophilus congolensis

    The same Blood Agar plate examined with transmitted light. A beta-hemolytic zone is seen around the colonies

  • tjpzoom picture title
    kidney in a patient with ADPKD

    304) This kidney in a patient with ADPKD weighed 3 kilograms! This disease is inherited with an autosomal dominant pattern, so the recurrence risk in the family is 50%. The cysts are not usually present at birth, but develop slowly over time, so the onset of renal failure occurs in middle age to later adult life

  • tjpzoom picture title
    PROMEGAKARYOCYTE

    Size of the cell: 30 - 70 m Shape of the cell: oval, sometimes round Colour of cytoplasm: blue; with pink spots, cytoplasm sometimes contains big vacuoles Granularity: begins to appear fine, pink granulation Nucleus' shape: irregular, lobulated Type of chromatin: condensed Nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio: low Nucleoli: not visible Occurrence: blood: not present marrow: < 0.5 % Comment: Promegakaryocyte with multilobulated nucleus and partly pink cytoplasm. Most cytoplasm has basophilic staining. Also numerous maturating leucocytes and erythroblasts. Staining: MGG Magnification: x 1000

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Large granular lymphocytes

    Size of the cell: 15 - 25 mm Shape of the cell: irregular Colour of cytoplasm: blue Granularity: a few, thick azurophilic granules Nucleus' shape: oval, irregular Type of chromatin: fine, homogenous Nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio: moderate or low Nucleoli: not visible Occurrence blood: < 10 % Comment: Large granular lymphocyte with typical for the series coarse, azurophilic granularity and clear cytoplasm. Some stomatocytes are also present. Staining: MGG Magnification: x 1000

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Normal Bone Marrow: SUDAN BLACK B REACTION

    Reaction product: green or green-black granules, where the lipids are present Occurrence: Neutrophils: positive reaction from the stage of promyelocyte or myeloblast to segmented neutrophils Basophils: variable reaction, positive or negative Eosinophils: strong positive reaction from the stage of promyelocyte to segmented leucocyte Monocyts: a few fine granules, in some of the cells the reaction may be negative. Lymphocytes, erythroblasts and megakaryocytes do not contain lipids Staining: Sheehan & Storey method Comment: Typical, diffuse, weak, positive reaction in monocyte indicated by the arrow. This reaction is distinctly weaker than in neutrophils. Magnification: x 1000

  • tjpzoom picture title
    BASOPHIL

    Size of the cell: 12 - 18 m Shape of the cell: round or oval Colour of cytoplasm: light-pink, mostly covered by granules and nucleus Granularity: very dark, basophilic, granules of various size. The amount varies Nucleus' shape: oval shaped in not mature forms; lobular shaped in mature forms Type of chromatin: condensed, pale Nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio: low or very low Nucleoli: not visible Occurrence: blood: < 1 % marrow: < 1 % Comment: Single basophil leucocyte. Also three schistocytes. Staining: MGG Magnification: x 1000

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Powder burns

    Grossly, in areas of endometriosis the blood is darker and gives the small foci of endometriosis the gross appearance of "powder burns". Small foci are seen here just under the serosa of the posterior uterus in the pouch of Douglas. Such areas of endometriosis can be seen and obliterated by cauterization via laparoscopy.

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Toxoplasma gondii

    The free tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii are difficult to distinguish by H and E staining, so an immunoperoxidase stain can be very helpful. Tachyzoites are seen here in lung

  • tjpzoom picture title
    large cyst

    Occasionally, a simple renal cyst can reach a large size and mimic a tumor mass, though the difference is usually obvious with radiographic procedures. Such a large cyst can be complicated by hemorrhage or rupture

  • tjpzoom picture title
    T. rubrum 40x

    T. rubrum

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Endometrial cavity

    The endometrial cavity is opened to reveal lush fronds of hyperplastic endometrium. Endometrial hyperplasia usually results with conditions of prolonged estrogen excess and can lead to metrorrhagia (uterine bleeding at irregular intervals), menorrhagia (excessive bleeding with menstrual periods), or menometrorrhagia.

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Arcanobacterium pyogenes

    Small, Gram-positive rods. These are either straight, slightly curved or club-shaped. Division may produce angular and palisade arrangements of cells. Some cells may include metachromatic granula.

  • tjpzoom picture title
    MONOBLAST

    Size of the cell: 15 - 25 mm Shape of the cell: oval, sometimes round Colour of cytoplasm: blue, usually light Granularity: without granules or a few, azurophilic, fine granules Nucleus' shape: oval, round, sometimes irregular Type of chromatin: coarse chromatin or clumped Nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio: high Nucleoli: visible, medium or large size, brighter than chromatin, 1 to 3. Occurrence: blood: not present marrow: < 1 % Comment: In the picture a monoblast is depicted. Also numerous other maturating cells of granulopiesis are present. Staining: MGG Magnification: x 1000 1. myeloblast 2. promyelocyte 3. neutrophil myelocyte 4. proerythroblast 5. pycnotic normoblast 6. polychromatic normoblast 7. band neutrophil

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Microfilaria

    Microfilariae of Dirofilaria immitis may be seen in the urine sediment in cases of hematuria in microfilaremic dogs. The finding is without significance, other than as an indication of heartworm disease.

  • tjpzoom picture title
    pale yellow abscess

    In the lower pole of his kidney is a 1 cm pale yellow abscess. Infections can reach the kidney either by ascending up the urinary tract (from a bladder infection, for example) or by hematogenous spread with sepsis. This lone abscess was probably hematogenous in origin

  • tjpzoom picture title
    T. verrucosum

    T. verrucosum

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Lymphocytes in peripheral blood

    Size of the cell: 10 - 15 mm Shape of the cell: round, sometimes oval Colour of cytoplasm: blue Granularity: not present Nucleus' shape: round or slightly oval Type of chromatin: homogenous, condensed Nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio: high or very high Nucleoli: invisible, sometimes hardly visible, small, single nucleous Occurrence: blood: 25 - 40 % marrow: 5 - 20 % Comment: Typical small lymphocyte in blood. Also a single schistocyte. Staining: MGG Magnification: x 1000

  • tjpzoom picture title
    anti-LKM

    Rat liver and rat kidney: antibodies against liver-kidney microsomes - anti-LKM

  • tjpzoom picture title
    hepatocytes and Kupffer cells

    The hepatocytes and Kupffer cells here are full of granular brown deposits of hemosiderin from accumulation of excess iron in the liver. The term "hemosiderosis" is used to denote a relatively benign accumulation of iron. The term "hemochromatosis" is used when organ dysfunction occurs. The iron accumulation may lead to a micronodular cirrhosis (so called "pigment" cirrhosis)

  • tjpzoom picture title
    Trichomycosis axillaris 10x

    Trichomycosis axillaris